Cryptoeconomics

News, data and analysis on tokenized assets, market design and digital economic systems.

Issuer

Tether

El Salvador-licensed issuer of USDT, the largest dollar token, which is not offered to US customers; a separate US token, USAT, is issued by Anchorage Digital Bank under Office of the Comptroller of the Currency supervision.

Kind Issuer
Jurisdiction Global
Stories filed 2

The profile

Issuer of USDT, the largest dollar token, with roughly $183bn of token liabilities and $141bn of direct and indirect exposure to US Treasury bills as at 31 March 2026 on the BDO attestation that also reported $8.23bn of reserves in excess of liabilities and $1.04bn of quarterly profit. The group took a digital asset service provider and stablecoin issuer licence from El Salvador and moved its headquarters there in January 2025; USDT is not offered to US customers, and a separate US token, USAT, is issued by Anchorage Digital Bank under Office of the Comptroller of the Currency supervision. Because reserve assets of that size sit almost entirely in short-dated government paper, its subscription and redemption flows pass through into the Treasury bill market rather than being absorbed by a bank balance sheet.

Products and services

USD₮
Dollar token whose reserves are dominated by Treasury bills, reported at $141bn of direct and indirect T-bill exposure as at 31 March 2026, alongside about $20bn of gold and $7bn of bitcoin held in the group's reserves.
USA₮
US token issued by Anchorage Digital Bank on Tether's behalf; the first reserve report showed $17.6m of cash and Treasury-backed reverse repo against 17.5m tokens as at 31 January 2026.
Hadron
Tokenisation platform offering issuance plus KYC, KYB and transaction screening for commodities, corporate equity, government and corporate debt and third-party stablecoins.

Coverage

Developments in which Tether is a named party, newest first.

On the record

CFTC fines Tether $41m over statements about its reserves

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission ordered Tether to pay a $41m civil penalty, finding that between 1 June 2016 and 25 February 2019 the company misrepresented that every USDT in circulation was backed by an equivalent amount of fiat currency. The order found that Tether held sufficient fiat reserves to back tokens outstanding on only 27.6% of days in a 26-month sample from 2016 to 2018, and did not disclose that reserves included unsecured receivables and non-fiat assets.

New York Attorney General settles with Tether and Bitfinex over reserve claims

The New York Attorney General ended Bitfinex's and Tether's trading activity with New Yorkers and imposed an $18.5m penalty, finding that from mid-2017 Tether "had no access to banking, anywhere in the world" and lacked reserves sufficient to back tethers one-for-one as claimed. The office also found that the day after Tether's 1 November 2018 verification of full backing, funds began moving out of the account to Bitfinex, and that Bitfinex had concealed roughly $850m of losses tied to the payment processor Crypto Capital Corp.

The weekly read on onchain market economics

What issued, what settled, what the supervisors changed, with the numbers behind it and a note on what the numbers do not show. One email, Thursday mornings.

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