Cryptoeconomics

News, data and analysis on tokenized assets, market design and digital economic systems.

Protocol

Lido

Lido is the largest liquid staking protocol on Ethereum, issuing stETH against deposited ether; on 27 July 2026 it began migrating over 8 million staked ETH to Curated Module v2, cutting Ethereum's validator count by close to a third.

Kind Protocol
Jurisdiction Global
Founded 2020
Stories filed 1

The profile

Liquid staking lets a depositor earn Ethereum's validator rewards without running a validator: Lido takes ether, stakes it through vetted node operators and issues stETH, a rebasing ERC-20 whose balance, per Lido's docs, represents the ether withdrawable from the protocol. Launched in 2020, it is governed by the Lido DAO, where LDO holders vote on parameters and on which operators join the curated set. Lido's site showed 9,345,010 ETH staked, $17.54bn of TVL and over 900 operators on 28 July 2026; Datawallet, citing hildobby's Dune dashboard, put Lido at roughly 23% of the 39,673,448 ETH staked as at 15 June 2026, down from a peak near 32% in 2023. The fee is 10% of rewards, split evenly between operators and the DAO treasury. Critics have long argued that one protocol nearing a third of staked ether sits close to the threshold at which a colluding set can disrupt finality. Curated Module v2 moves over 265,000 validators onto post-Pectra 0x02 credentials holding up to 2,048 ETH each and makes operators post ETH bonds for the first time; Lido expects the network to fall from about 880,000 validators to roughly 628,000, a 29% cut The Block reported as about a third.

Products and services

stETH
A rebasing ERC-20 issued 1:1 for deposited ether whose balance is recalculated daily as Lido's oracle reports consensus layer rewards, and which is redeemable for ETH.
wstETH
A non-rebasing wrapper on stETH with a static balance and a rising exchange rate, used where rebasing tokens are awkward, such as lending market collateral.
Curated Module v2
The July 2026 rebuild of Lido's main operator module, adding ETH bonds, operator classifications and the consolidation of over 8 million staked ETH onto 0x02 validators.

Coverage

Developments in which Lido is a named party, newest first.

On the record

Lido begins migrating staked ether to Curated Module v2

Lido began moving more than 265,000 validators onto consolidated post-Pectra credentials on 27 July 2026, a migration of over 8 million staked ETH that it expects to cut Ethereum's validator count from about 880,000 to roughly 628,000 and attestation messages by about 29% per epoch. The new module requires node operators to post ETH bonds for the first time.

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